Chronology of Jihadism in Western Europe
1994–2007: Planned, Prepared, and Executed
Terrorist Attacks
Since December 1994,
experienced increased levels of terrorism
perpetrated by militant Sunni Islamist
activists (gangs, groups, cells, and networks)
associated with or inspired by guerillas and
terrorist networks originating from the Muslim
world.
The militants belonged to the so-called salafi–
jihadi strand of Sunni Islamism, and
they referred to themselves as “mujahidin” or
“jihadis” [Holy Warriors].
Most of these terrorists were affiliated in one
way or another with the Al Qaeda
organization (founded in
and the global jihad doctrine propagated by
the organization’s leaders and ideologues.
Some of them were Al Qaeda members who
were supported and controlled by Al Qaeda,
and trained in the organization’s training
facilities in
and regional jihadi groups from different parts
of the Muslim world with varying ties to Al Qaeda
and the global jihad. A number also seem to
have operated quite autonomously from jihadi
organizations, but were clearly inspired by Al
Qaeda’s ideas, strategies and tactics.
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